datax-sync-template-gen.py 17 KB

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  1. #!/usr/bin/env /usr/bin/python3
  2. # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
  3. """
  4. PG → HDFS DataX sync ini 模板生成器 + raw 建模 metadata 表 + 表探查。
  5. 一次跑同时产出三件:
  6. 1. PG 表探查段(行数估值 + 锚点字段维护质量 + 软删字段命中),落 md 头部
  7. 2. PG 全字段 metadata markdown 表(序号/字段名/中文名/数据类型/主键标识/
  8. 脱敏类型)—— 用于 kb/24 raw 建模文档
  9. 3. 全字段 sync ini 模板 —— 开发者按 md 讨论结果手动裁剪字段 / 改 where /
  10. 加 [mask] / 调 splitPk / 改 writer.path 表名后缀等,再提交到 jobs/raw/{域}/
  11. CLI:
  12. python3 bin/datax-sync-template-gen.py \\
  13. -ds postgresql/prod-hobby \\
  14. -t public.card_group_order_info \\
  15. [-mask-conf <PATH>] [-o [DIR]]
  16. 参数:
  17. -ds 数据源 ref,形如 {db_type}/{env}-{实例简称}(同 sync ini
  18. 里 dataSource 字段格式)。暂只支持 postgresql。
  19. -t schema 限定的表名(如 public.card_group_order_info)。
  20. -mask-conf mask 配置 ini 路径({table}.mask.ini,可选)。传入时按配置
  21. 剔除 trim 字段 + 渲染 [mask] 段,md 脱敏类型列填好;不传时
  22. 全字段输出,md 脱敏类型列空白。**文件不存在直接报错**。
  23. -o 输出目录(可选;任意三态下 stdout 都同时打印 md + ini):
  24. - 不传:仅 stdout
  25. - 传 -o 不带值:stdout + 落盘 workspace/{yyyymmdd}/{table}.{md,ini}
  26. - 传 -o <DIR>:stdout + 落盘 <DIR>/{table}.{md,ini}
  27. """
  28. import argparse
  29. import os
  30. import re
  31. import sys
  32. from configparser import ConfigParser
  33. from datetime import datetime
  34. project_root = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
  35. sys.path.append(project_root)
  36. from dw_base.datax.datasources.data_source_factory import DataSourceFactory
  37. from dw_base.datax.datax_constants import DS_POSTGRE_SQL_JDBC_URL
  38. WORKSPACE_DEFAULT = os.path.join(
  39. project_root, 'workspace', datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d'),
  40. )
  41. # 探查硬编码:增量同步标准锚点字段(推行后端命名标准)
  42. ANCHOR_FIELDS = ('create_time', 'update_time')
  43. def resolve_datasource(ds_ref):
  44. """复用 plugin.py:34-42 的 ref → DataSource 解析逻辑。
  45. ds_ref 形如 'postgresql/prod-hobby',首段为 db_type(同父目录名)。
  46. datasource ini 落点:项目同级 ../datasource/{ds_ref}.ini。
  47. """
  48. ds_type = ds_ref.split('/')[0]
  49. if ds_type != 'postgresql':
  50. raise NotImplementedError('暂只支持 postgresql 数据源,收到: ' + ds_type)
  51. ds_file_path = os.path.normpath(
  52. os.path.join(project_root, '..', 'datasource', ds_ref + '.ini'))
  53. if not os.path.isfile(ds_file_path):
  54. raise FileNotFoundError('数据源 ini 不存在: ' + ds_file_path)
  55. return DataSourceFactory.get_data_source(ds_type, ds_file_path)
  56. def parse_jdbc_url(jdbc_url):
  57. """从 jdbc:postgresql://host:port/database 抽 (host, port, database)。"""
  58. m = re.match(r'jdbc:postgresql://([^:/]+)(?::(\d+))?/(.+)', jdbc_url)
  59. if not m:
  60. raise ValueError('无法解析 PG jdbcUrl: ' + jdbc_url)
  61. return m.group(1), int(m.group(2) or 5432), m.group(3)
  62. def query_columns_full(conn, schema, table):
  63. """带序号 / 类型 / 主键标识的全字段 metadata 查询,按 attnum 排序。
  64. 返回 [(attnum, attname, comment, pg_type, pk_flag), ...]
  65. """
  66. cur = conn.cursor()
  67. cur.execute("""
  68. SELECT
  69. a.attnum,
  70. a.attname,
  71. pg_catalog.col_description(a.attrelid, a.attnum),
  72. pg_catalog.format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod),
  73. CASE WHEN EXISTS (
  74. SELECT 1 FROM pg_index i
  75. WHERE i.indrelid = a.attrelid AND i.indisprimary
  76. AND a.attnum = ANY(i.indkey)
  77. ) THEN 'PK' ELSE '' END
  78. FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute a
  79. JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class c ON a.attrelid = c.oid
  80. JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON c.relnamespace = n.oid
  81. WHERE n.nspname = %s AND c.relname = %s
  82. AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped
  83. ORDER BY a.attnum
  84. """, (schema, table))
  85. return cur.fetchall()
  86. def probe_table(conn, schema, table, full_rows):
  87. """对表做行数 + PK + 锚点(主键序范围 / 最早非空 update_time)+ 软删命中。
  88. - 行数:pg_class.reltuples 估值
  89. - PK:单/复合/无 + 是否自增(attidentity + default 表达式 nextval 双判)
  90. - create_time 主键序范围:单列自增 PK + create_time 存在;ORDER BY pk ASC/DESC LIMIT 1
  91. - update_time 最早非空:全表 min(update_time),加 statement_timeout 60s 保护
  92. (非空即视为业务方已启用 update_time 维护;近期 100 行非空率不能区分
  93. "业务方未维护"和"近期创建的行还没被 update 过",所以不再探查)
  94. - 软删:full_rows 筛 'del' 子串(不区分大小写)
  95. """
  96. cur = conn.cursor()
  97. cur.execute("""
  98. SELECT c.reltuples::bigint
  99. FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
  100. JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON c.relnamespace = n.oid
  101. WHERE n.nspname = %s AND c.relname = %s
  102. """, (schema, table))
  103. row = cur.fetchone()
  104. reltuples = int(row[0]) if row and row[0] is not None else 0
  105. pk_cols = [r[1] for r in full_rows if r[4] == 'PK']
  106. pk_auto_increment = False
  107. if len(pk_cols) == 1:
  108. cur.execute("""
  109. SELECT a.attidentity, pg_get_expr(ad.adbin, ad.adrelid)
  110. FROM pg_attribute a
  111. LEFT JOIN pg_attrdef ad ON ad.adrelid = a.attrelid AND ad.adnum = a.attnum
  112. JOIN pg_class c ON c.oid = a.attrelid
  113. JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
  114. WHERE n.nspname = %s AND c.relname = %s AND a.attname = %s
  115. """, (schema, table, pk_cols[0]))
  116. r = cur.fetchone()
  117. if r:
  118. attidentity, default_expr = r[0], r[1]
  119. pk_auto_increment = (
  120. attidentity in ('a', 'd')
  121. or (default_expr is not None and 'nextval' in default_expr.lower())
  122. )
  123. field_names = {r[1] for r in full_rows}
  124. create_exists = 'create_time' in field_names
  125. update_exists = 'update_time' in field_names
  126. create_earliest = None
  127. create_latest = None
  128. if pk_auto_increment and create_exists:
  129. cur.execute(
  130. 'SELECT '
  131. '(SELECT create_time FROM "{s}"."{t}" ORDER BY "{p}" ASC LIMIT 1), '
  132. '(SELECT create_time FROM "{s}"."{t}" ORDER BY "{p}" DESC LIMIT 1)'
  133. .format(s=schema, t=table, p=pk_cols[0]))
  134. r = cur.fetchone()
  135. create_earliest, create_latest = r[0], r[1]
  136. update_earliest = None
  137. update_earliest_timeout = False
  138. if update_exists:
  139. try:
  140. cur.execute("SET statement_timeout = '60s'")
  141. cur.execute('SELECT min(update_time) FROM "{s}"."{t}"'.format(
  142. s=schema, t=table))
  143. update_earliest = cur.fetchone()[0]
  144. except Exception:
  145. update_earliest_timeout = True
  146. try:
  147. conn.rollback()
  148. except Exception:
  149. pass
  150. try:
  151. cur.execute("RESET statement_timeout")
  152. except Exception:
  153. try:
  154. conn.rollback()
  155. cur.execute("RESET statement_timeout")
  156. except Exception:
  157. pass
  158. del_candidates = sorted(r[1] for r in full_rows if 'del' in r[1].lower())
  159. return {
  160. 'reltuples': reltuples,
  161. 'pk_cols': pk_cols,
  162. 'pk_auto_increment': pk_auto_increment,
  163. 'create_exists': create_exists,
  164. 'create_earliest': create_earliest,
  165. 'create_latest': create_latest,
  166. 'update_exists': update_exists,
  167. 'update_earliest': update_earliest,
  168. 'update_earliest_timeout': update_earliest_timeout,
  169. 'del_candidates': del_candidates,
  170. }
  171. def render_probe_md(stats):
  172. """渲染探查段 markdown。"""
  173. lines = ['### 探查', '']
  174. lines.append('- 行数估值(pg_class.reltuples):{:,}'.format(stats['reltuples']))
  175. pk_cols = stats['pk_cols']
  176. if not pk_cols:
  177. pk_desc = '无(DataX channel 无法并行)'
  178. elif len(pk_cols) > 1:
  179. pk_desc = '复合 ({}) (DataX splitPk 不支持复合,退串行)'.format(
  180. ', '.join('`{}`'.format(c) for c in pk_cols))
  181. elif stats['pk_auto_increment']:
  182. pk_desc = '`{}`(自增)'.format(pk_cols[0])
  183. else:
  184. pk_desc = '`{}`(非自增,DataX channel 切分分布可能不均)'.format(pk_cols[0])
  185. lines.append('- 主键:' + pk_desc)
  186. lines.append('- 锚点字段:')
  187. if not stats['create_exists']:
  188. lines.append(' - `create_time`:缺失')
  189. elif stats['create_earliest']:
  190. lines.append(' - `create_time`:存在;按主键序范围 {} ~ {}'.format(
  191. stats['create_earliest'], stats['create_latest']))
  192. else:
  193. lines.append(' - `create_time`:存在')
  194. if not stats['update_exists']:
  195. lines.append(' - `update_time`:缺失')
  196. else:
  197. if stats['update_earliest_timeout']:
  198. tail = '最早非空(查询超时)'
  199. elif stats['update_earliest'] is not None:
  200. tail = '最早非空 {}'.format(stats['update_earliest'])
  201. else:
  202. tail = '最早非空(全 NULL,业务方未启用维护)'
  203. lines.append(' - `update_time`:存在;' + tail)
  204. if stats['del_candidates']:
  205. lines.append('- 软删字段(含 `del` 子串):' + ', '.join(
  206. '`{}`'.format(c) for c in stats['del_candidates']))
  207. else:
  208. lines.append('- 软删字段(含 `del` 子串):未命中')
  209. return '\n'.join(lines) + '\n'
  210. def _resolve_to_project_root(path):
  211. """相对路径按项目根解析,绝对路径原样返回。
  212. 复用 dw_base.datax.entry._resolve_relative_to_base 的逻辑——
  213. 任何 cwd 跑此脚本都能找到 mask conf 等相对路径资源,
  214. 与项目其他 bin 入口(datax-hive-import-starter 等)行为一致。
  215. """
  216. if os.path.isabs(path):
  217. return path
  218. return os.path.join(project_root, path)
  219. def load_mask_conf(path):
  220. """读 mask 配置 ini,返回 {field: method} dict。
  221. 格式(与 jobs/raw/{域}/{table}.mask.ini 同款):
  222. [mask]
  223. field1 = method1
  224. field2 = method2
  225. method ∈ trim / md5 / month_trunc / mask_middle / keep_first_n / keep_last_n
  226. - trim:整字段不入 raw(reader column 不查询)
  227. - 其他:字段入 raw,由 dw_base.datax.mask 在 reader 端脱敏
  228. 文件不存在直接 raise FileNotFoundError(不静默失败)。
  229. """
  230. if not os.path.isfile(path):
  231. raise FileNotFoundError('mask 配置不存在: ' + path)
  232. cp = ConfigParser()
  233. cp.read(path, encoding='utf-8')
  234. if not cp.has_section('mask'):
  235. return {}
  236. return dict(cp.items('mask'))
  237. def render_schema_md(rows, mask_dict=None):
  238. """输出 markdown 表格:序号 / 字段名 / 中文名 / 数据类型 / 主键标识 / 脱敏类型。
  239. mask_dict 不传时脱敏类型列为空白;传入时填字段对应的 method(含 trim)。
  240. """
  241. lines = [
  242. '| 序号 | 字段名 | 中文名 | 数据类型 | 主键标识 | 脱敏类型 |',
  243. '| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |',
  244. ]
  245. methods = mask_dict or {}
  246. for num, name, comment, typ, pk in rows:
  247. method = methods.get(name, '')
  248. lines.append('| {} | `{}` | {} | {} | {} | {} |'.format(
  249. num, name, comment or '', typ, pk, method))
  250. return '\n'.join(lines) + '\n'
  251. def render_template(ds_ref, database, schema, table, columns, pk, mask_methods=None):
  252. """渲染 sync ini 模板。
  253. columns: [(name, comment), ...] 已剔除 trim 字段,保持 PG 原顺序
  254. mask_methods: {field: method} 仅含非 trim 方法(mask_middle / month_trunc 等),
  255. 渲染 [mask] 段;空 dict 或 None 时不渲染 [mask] 段
  256. """
  257. column_str = ','.join(c for c, _ in columns)
  258. today = datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
  259. if mask_methods:
  260. mask_lines = '\n'.join('{} = {}'.format(f, m) for f, m in mask_methods.items())
  261. mask_section = '[mask]\n' + mask_lines + '\n\n'
  262. else:
  263. mask_section = ''
  264. return (
  265. '; 作者:<TODO>\n'
  266. '; 日期:{today}\n'
  267. '; 工单:<TODO>\n'
  268. '; 目的:PG {database}.{schema}.{table} → Hive raw.<TODO> 同步模板\n'
  269. '; 状态:[待执行]\n'
  270. '; 备注:自动生成的全字段参考模板。开发者按需裁剪字段 / 改 where / 加 mask 段 /\n'
  271. '; 调 splitPk / 改 writer.path 表名后缀(_inc_d / _his_o 等)\n'
  272. ';\n'
  273. '; 配套 DDL:manual/ddl/raw/<TODO_domain>/raw_<TODO>_create.sql\n'
  274. '\n'
  275. '[reader]\n'
  276. 'dataSource = {ds_ref}\n'
  277. 'database = {database}\n'
  278. 'table = {schema}.{table}\n'
  279. 'column = {column_str}\n'
  280. 'columnType =\n'
  281. "where = update_time >= '${{start_date}}' AND update_time < '${{stop_date}}'\n"
  282. 'querySql =\n'
  283. 'splitPk = {pk}\n'
  284. 'fetchSize = 1000\n'
  285. '\n'
  286. '{mask_section}'
  287. '[writer]\n'
  288. 'dataSource = hdfs/<TODO>\n'
  289. 'path = /user/hive/warehouse/raw.db/{table}_TODO_d/dt=${{dt}}/\n'
  290. 'column = {column_str}\n'
  291. 'columnType =\n'
  292. 'fileType = orc\n'
  293. 'fileName = {table}_TODO_d\n'
  294. 'encoding = UTF-8\n'
  295. 'writeMode = truncate\n'
  296. 'fieldDelimiter = \\t\n'
  297. ).format(
  298. today=today, ds_ref=ds_ref, database=database, schema=schema,
  299. table=table, column_str=column_str, pk=pk, mask_section=mask_section,
  300. )
  301. def main():
  302. parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
  303. prog='datax-sync-template-gen',
  304. description='PG → HDFS DataX sync ini 模板生成器(全字段参考模板)',
  305. )
  306. parser.add_argument('-ds', required=True, metavar='DS_REF',
  307. help='数据源 ref,形如 postgresql/prod-hobby(同 sync ini dataSource 字段)')
  308. parser.add_argument('-t', required=True, metavar='SCHEMA.TABLE',
  309. help='schema 限定的表名(如 public.card_group_order_info)')
  310. parser.add_argument('-o', nargs='?', const=WORKSPACE_DEFAULT, default=None, metavar='DIR',
  311. help='输出目录(任意三态 stdout 始终打印 md + ini;不传仅 stdout;不带值额外落盘 workspace/{yyyymmdd}/;带值额外落盘 <DIR>/)')
  312. parser.add_argument('-mask-conf', default=None, metavar='PATH', dest='mask_conf',
  313. help='mask 配置 ini 路径({table}.mask.ini)。传入时按配置剔除 trim 字段 + 渲染 [mask] 段,md 脱敏类型列填好;不传时全字段输出,md 脱敏类型列空白')
  314. args = parser.parse_args()
  315. if '.' not in args.t:
  316. print('-t 必须 schema.table 格式,收到: ' + args.t, file=sys.stderr)
  317. sys.exit(2)
  318. schema, table = args.t.split('.', 1)
  319. ds = resolve_datasource(args.ds)
  320. ds_dict = ds.parse()
  321. jdbc_url = ds_dict[DS_POSTGRE_SQL_JDBC_URL]
  322. user = ds_dict['username']
  323. password = ds_dict['password']
  324. host, port, database = parse_jdbc_url(jdbc_url)
  325. import pg8000.dbapi
  326. conn = pg8000.dbapi.connect(
  327. host=host, port=port, database=database,
  328. user=user, password=password,
  329. )
  330. try:
  331. full_rows = query_columns_full(conn, schema, table)
  332. if not full_rows:
  333. raise ValueError('表不存在或无字段: {}.{}'.format(schema, table))
  334. probe_stats = probe_table(conn, schema, table, full_rows)
  335. finally:
  336. conn.close()
  337. # full_rows: [(attnum, attname, comment, pg_type, pk_flag), ...]
  338. if args.mask_conf:
  339. mask_path = _resolve_to_project_root(args.mask_conf)
  340. mask_dict = load_mask_conf(mask_path)
  341. else:
  342. mask_dict = {}
  343. # mask 配置含表中不存在字段时 stderr 警告(不阻断)
  344. pg_field_set = {r[1] for r in full_rows}
  345. unknown_fields = [f for f in mask_dict if f not in pg_field_set]
  346. if unknown_fields:
  347. print('警告:mask 配置含表中不存在字段(已忽略): ' + ', '.join(unknown_fields),
  348. file=sys.stderr)
  349. trim_set = {f for f, m in mask_dict.items() if m == 'trim'}
  350. non_trim_mask = {f: m for f, m in mask_dict.items() if m != 'trim'}
  351. # 已剔除 trim 字段的 column 列表,保持 PG 原顺序(attnum 升序)
  352. columns = [(r[1], r[2] or '') for r in full_rows if r[1] not in trim_set]
  353. pk_names = [r[1] for r in full_rows if r[4] == 'PK']
  354. pk = pk_names[0] if len(pk_names) == 1 and pk_names[0] not in trim_set else ''
  355. probe_md = render_probe_md(probe_stats)
  356. schema_md = render_schema_md(full_rows, mask_dict)
  357. md_content = probe_md + '\n### 字段\n\n' + schema_md
  358. ini_content = render_template(args.ds, database, schema, table, columns, pk, non_trim_mask)
  359. # stdout 始终打印(先 md 表后 ini 模板),传 -o 时再额外落盘
  360. sys.stdout.write(md_content)
  361. sys.stdout.write('\n')
  362. sys.stdout.write(ini_content)
  363. if args.o is not None:
  364. os.makedirs(args.o, exist_ok=True)
  365. md_path = os.path.join(args.o, table + '.md')
  366. ini_path = os.path.join(args.o, table + '.ini')
  367. with open(md_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
  368. f.write(md_content)
  369. with open(ini_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
  370. f.write(ini_content)
  371. print('已写入: ' + md_path, file=sys.stderr)
  372. print('已写入: ' + ini_path, file=sys.stderr)
  373. if __name__ == '__main__':
  374. main()