datax-sync-template-gen.py 15 KB

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  1. #!/usr/bin/env /usr/bin/python3
  2. # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
  3. """
  4. PG → HDFS DataX sync ini 模板生成器 + raw 建模 metadata 表 + 表探查。
  5. 一次跑同时产出三件:
  6. 1. PG 表探查段(行数估值 + 锚点字段维护质量 + 软删字段命中),落 md 头部
  7. 2. PG 全字段 metadata markdown 表(序号/字段名/中文名/数据类型/主键标识/
  8. 脱敏类型)—— 用于 kb/24 raw 建模文档
  9. 3. 全字段 sync ini 模板 —— 开发者按 md 讨论结果手动裁剪字段 / 改 where /
  10. 加 [mask] / 调 splitPk / 改 writer.path 表名后缀等,再提交到 jobs/raw/{域}/
  11. CLI:
  12. python3 bin/datax-sync-template-gen.py \\
  13. -ds postgresql/prod-hobby \\
  14. -t public.card_group_order_info \\
  15. [-mask-conf <PATH>] [-o [DIR]]
  16. 参数:
  17. -ds 数据源 ref,形如 {db_type}/{env}-{实例简称}(同 sync ini
  18. 里 dataSource 字段格式)。暂只支持 postgresql。
  19. -t schema 限定的表名(如 public.card_group_order_info)。
  20. -mask-conf mask 配置 ini 路径({table}.mask.ini,可选)。传入时按配置
  21. 剔除 trim 字段 + 渲染 [mask] 段,md 脱敏类型列填好;不传时
  22. 全字段输出,md 脱敏类型列空白。**文件不存在直接报错**。
  23. -o 输出目录(可选;任意三态下 stdout 都同时打印 md + ini):
  24. - 不传:仅 stdout
  25. - 传 -o 不带值:stdout + 落盘 workspace/{yyyymmdd}/{table}.{md,ini}
  26. - 传 -o <DIR>:stdout + 落盘 <DIR>/{table}.{md,ini}
  27. """
  28. import argparse
  29. import os
  30. import re
  31. import sys
  32. from configparser import ConfigParser
  33. from datetime import datetime
  34. project_root = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
  35. sys.path.append(project_root)
  36. from dw_base.datax.datasources.data_source_factory import DataSourceFactory
  37. from dw_base.datax.datax_constants import DS_POSTGRE_SQL_JDBC_URL
  38. WORKSPACE_DEFAULT = os.path.join(
  39. project_root, 'workspace', datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d'),
  40. )
  41. # 探查硬编码:增量同步标准锚点字段(推行后端命名标准)
  42. ANCHOR_FIELDS = ('create_time', 'update_time')
  43. # 抽样上限:TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM(1) 按存储页跳跃后再 LIMIT 截断
  44. PROBE_SAMPLE_LIMIT = 1000
  45. # 锚点非空率告警阈值:低于此值认为业务方维护不全
  46. ANCHOR_NOTNULL_WARN_PCT = 95.0
  47. def resolve_datasource(ds_ref):
  48. """复用 plugin.py:34-42 的 ref → DataSource 解析逻辑。
  49. ds_ref 形如 'postgresql/prod-hobby',首段为 db_type(同父目录名)。
  50. datasource ini 落点:项目同级 ../datasource/{ds_ref}.ini。
  51. """
  52. ds_type = ds_ref.split('/')[0]
  53. if ds_type != 'postgresql':
  54. raise NotImplementedError('暂只支持 postgresql 数据源,收到: ' + ds_type)
  55. ds_file_path = os.path.normpath(
  56. os.path.join(project_root, '..', 'datasource', ds_ref + '.ini'))
  57. if not os.path.isfile(ds_file_path):
  58. raise FileNotFoundError('数据源 ini 不存在: ' + ds_file_path)
  59. return DataSourceFactory.get_data_source(ds_type, ds_file_path)
  60. def parse_jdbc_url(jdbc_url):
  61. """从 jdbc:postgresql://host:port/database 抽 (host, port, database)。"""
  62. m = re.match(r'jdbc:postgresql://([^:/]+)(?::(\d+))?/(.+)', jdbc_url)
  63. if not m:
  64. raise ValueError('无法解析 PG jdbcUrl: ' + jdbc_url)
  65. return m.group(1), int(m.group(2) or 5432), m.group(3)
  66. def query_columns_full(conn, schema, table):
  67. """带序号 / 类型 / 主键标识的全字段 metadata 查询,按 attnum 排序。
  68. 返回 [(attnum, attname, comment, pg_type, pk_flag), ...]
  69. """
  70. cur = conn.cursor()
  71. cur.execute("""
  72. SELECT
  73. a.attnum,
  74. a.attname,
  75. pg_catalog.col_description(a.attrelid, a.attnum),
  76. pg_catalog.format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod),
  77. CASE WHEN EXISTS (
  78. SELECT 1 FROM pg_index i
  79. WHERE i.indrelid = a.attrelid AND i.indisprimary
  80. AND a.attnum = ANY(i.indkey)
  81. ) THEN 'PK' ELSE '' END
  82. FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute a
  83. JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class c ON a.attrelid = c.oid
  84. JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON c.relnamespace = n.oid
  85. WHERE n.nspname = %s AND c.relname = %s
  86. AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped
  87. ORDER BY a.attnum
  88. """, (schema, table))
  89. return cur.fetchall()
  90. def probe_table(conn, schema, table, full_rows):
  91. """对表做行数估值 + 锚点抽样非空率 + 软删字段命中。
  92. - 行数:pg_class.reltuples 估值(autovacuum 后准,避免大表 count(*) 全扫)
  93. - 锚点字段:硬编码 create_time / update_time,存在性 + 抽样非空率
  94. (TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM(1) LIMIT 1000,按存储页跳跃采样,亿级表毫秒级)
  95. - 软删字段:从 full_rows 字段名筛 'del' 子串(不区分大小写)
  96. 返回 dict {
  97. 'reltuples': int,
  98. 'sample_total': int,
  99. 'anchor': {col: {'exists': bool, 'notnull': int or None}, ...},
  100. 'del_candidates': [str, ...],
  101. }
  102. """
  103. cur = conn.cursor()
  104. cur.execute("""
  105. SELECT c.reltuples::bigint
  106. FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
  107. JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON c.relnamespace = n.oid
  108. WHERE n.nspname = %s AND c.relname = %s
  109. """, (schema, table))
  110. row = cur.fetchone()
  111. reltuples = int(row[0]) if row and row[0] is not None else 0
  112. field_names = {r[1] for r in full_rows}
  113. anchor = {col: {'exists': col in field_names, 'notnull': None}
  114. for col in ANCHOR_FIELDS}
  115. sample_total = 0
  116. present = [c for c in ANCHOR_FIELDS if anchor[c]['exists']]
  117. if present:
  118. notnull_select = ', '.join('count("{}")'.format(c) for c in present)
  119. sql = (
  120. 'SELECT count(*), {nn} FROM '
  121. '(SELECT * FROM "{schema}"."{table}" '
  122. ' TABLESAMPLE SYSTEM(1) LIMIT {lim}) AS sub'
  123. ).format(nn=notnull_select, schema=schema, table=table,
  124. lim=PROBE_SAMPLE_LIMIT)
  125. cur.execute(sql)
  126. result = cur.fetchone()
  127. sample_total = int(result[0])
  128. for i, c in enumerate(present):
  129. anchor[c]['notnull'] = int(result[i + 1])
  130. del_candidates = sorted(r[1] for r in full_rows if 'del' in r[1].lower())
  131. return {
  132. 'reltuples': reltuples,
  133. 'sample_total': sample_total,
  134. 'anchor': anchor,
  135. 'del_candidates': del_candidates,
  136. }
  137. def render_probe_md(stats):
  138. """渲染探查段 markdown。"""
  139. lines = ['### 探查', '']
  140. lines.append('- 行数估值(pg_class.reltuples):{:,}'.format(stats['reltuples']))
  141. lines.append('- 锚点字段:')
  142. total = stats['sample_total']
  143. for col in ANCHOR_FIELDS:
  144. s = stats['anchor'][col]
  145. if not s['exists']:
  146. lines.append(' - `{}`:**缺失** ⚠'.format(col))
  147. elif total > 0 and s['notnull'] is not None:
  148. nn = s['notnull']
  149. pct = 100.0 * nn / total
  150. warn = ' ⚠' if pct < ANCHOR_NOTNULL_WARN_PCT else ''
  151. lines.append(' - `{}`:存在;抽样 {} 行非空 {} ({:.1f}%){}'.format(
  152. col, total, nn, pct, warn))
  153. else:
  154. lines.append(' - `{}`:存在;抽样无数据'.format(col))
  155. if stats['del_candidates']:
  156. lines.append('- 软删字段(含 `del` 子串):' + ', '.join(
  157. '`{}`'.format(c) for c in stats['del_candidates']))
  158. else:
  159. lines.append('- 软删字段(含 `del` 子串):**未命中** ⚠')
  160. return '\n'.join(lines) + '\n'
  161. def _resolve_to_project_root(path):
  162. """相对路径按项目根解析,绝对路径原样返回。
  163. 复用 dw_base.datax.entry._resolve_relative_to_base 的逻辑——
  164. 任何 cwd 跑此脚本都能找到 mask conf 等相对路径资源,
  165. 与项目其他 bin 入口(datax-hive-import-starter 等)行为一致。
  166. """
  167. if os.path.isabs(path):
  168. return path
  169. return os.path.join(project_root, path)
  170. def load_mask_conf(path):
  171. """读 mask 配置 ini,返回 {field: method} dict。
  172. 格式(与 jobs/raw/{域}/{table}.mask.ini 同款):
  173. [mask]
  174. field1 = method1
  175. field2 = method2
  176. method ∈ trim / md5 / month_trunc / mask_middle / keep_first_n / keep_last_n
  177. - trim:整字段不入 raw(reader column 不查询)
  178. - 其他:字段入 raw,由 dw_base.datax.mask 在 reader 端脱敏
  179. 文件不存在直接 raise FileNotFoundError(不静默失败)。
  180. """
  181. if not os.path.isfile(path):
  182. raise FileNotFoundError('mask 配置不存在: ' + path)
  183. cp = ConfigParser()
  184. cp.read(path, encoding='utf-8')
  185. if not cp.has_section('mask'):
  186. return {}
  187. return dict(cp.items('mask'))
  188. def render_schema_md(rows, mask_dict=None):
  189. """输出 markdown 表格:序号 / 字段名 / 中文名 / 数据类型 / 主键标识 / 脱敏类型。
  190. mask_dict 不传时脱敏类型列为空白;传入时填字段对应的 method(含 trim)。
  191. """
  192. lines = [
  193. '| 序号 | 字段名 | 中文名 | 数据类型 | 主键标识 | 脱敏类型 |',
  194. '| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |',
  195. ]
  196. methods = mask_dict or {}
  197. for num, name, comment, typ, pk in rows:
  198. method = methods.get(name, '')
  199. lines.append('| {} | `{}` | {} | {} | {} | {} |'.format(
  200. num, name, comment or '', typ, pk, method))
  201. return '\n'.join(lines) + '\n'
  202. def render_template(ds_ref, database, schema, table, columns, pk, mask_methods=None):
  203. """渲染 sync ini 模板。
  204. columns: [(name, comment), ...] 已剔除 trim 字段,保持 PG 原顺序
  205. mask_methods: {field: method} 仅含非 trim 方法(mask_middle / month_trunc 等),
  206. 渲染 [mask] 段;空 dict 或 None 时不渲染 [mask] 段
  207. """
  208. column_str = ','.join(c for c, _ in columns)
  209. today = datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
  210. if mask_methods:
  211. mask_lines = '\n'.join('{} = {}'.format(f, m) for f, m in mask_methods.items())
  212. mask_section = '[mask]\n' + mask_lines + '\n\n'
  213. else:
  214. mask_section = ''
  215. return (
  216. '; 作者:<TODO>\n'
  217. '; 日期:{today}\n'
  218. '; 工单:<TODO>\n'
  219. '; 目的:PG {database}.{schema}.{table} → Hive raw.<TODO> 同步模板\n'
  220. '; 状态:[待执行]\n'
  221. '; 备注:自动生成的全字段参考模板。开发者按需裁剪字段 / 改 where / 加 mask 段 /\n'
  222. '; 调 splitPk / 改 writer.path 表名后缀(_inc_d / _his_o 等)\n'
  223. ';\n'
  224. '; 配套 DDL:manual/ddl/raw/<TODO_domain>/raw_<TODO>_create.sql\n'
  225. '\n'
  226. '[reader]\n'
  227. 'dataSource = {ds_ref}\n'
  228. 'database = {database}\n'
  229. 'table = {schema}.{table}\n'
  230. 'column = {column_str}\n'
  231. 'columnType =\n'
  232. "where = update_time >= '${{start_date}}' AND update_time < '${{stop_date}}'\n"
  233. 'querySql =\n'
  234. 'splitPk = {pk}\n'
  235. 'fetchSize = 1000\n'
  236. '\n'
  237. '{mask_section}'
  238. '[writer]\n'
  239. 'dataSource = hdfs/<TODO>\n'
  240. 'path = /user/hive/warehouse/raw.db/{table}_TODO_d/dt=${{dt}}/\n'
  241. 'column = {column_str}\n'
  242. 'columnType =\n'
  243. 'fileType = orc\n'
  244. 'fileName = {table}_TODO_d\n'
  245. 'encoding = UTF-8\n'
  246. 'writeMode = truncate\n'
  247. 'fieldDelimiter = \\t\n'
  248. ).format(
  249. today=today, ds_ref=ds_ref, database=database, schema=schema,
  250. table=table, column_str=column_str, pk=pk, mask_section=mask_section,
  251. )
  252. def main():
  253. parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
  254. prog='datax-sync-template-gen',
  255. description='PG → HDFS DataX sync ini 模板生成器(全字段参考模板)',
  256. )
  257. parser.add_argument('-ds', required=True, metavar='DS_REF',
  258. help='数据源 ref,形如 postgresql/prod-hobby(同 sync ini dataSource 字段)')
  259. parser.add_argument('-t', required=True, metavar='SCHEMA.TABLE',
  260. help='schema 限定的表名(如 public.card_group_order_info)')
  261. parser.add_argument('-o', nargs='?', const=WORKSPACE_DEFAULT, default=None, metavar='DIR',
  262. help='输出目录(任意三态 stdout 始终打印 md + ini;不传仅 stdout;不带值额外落盘 workspace/{yyyymmdd}/;带值额外落盘 <DIR>/)')
  263. parser.add_argument('-mask-conf', default=None, metavar='PATH', dest='mask_conf',
  264. help='mask 配置 ini 路径({table}.mask.ini)。传入时按配置剔除 trim 字段 + 渲染 [mask] 段,md 脱敏类型列填好;不传时全字段输出,md 脱敏类型列空白')
  265. args = parser.parse_args()
  266. if '.' not in args.t:
  267. print('-t 必须 schema.table 格式,收到: ' + args.t, file=sys.stderr)
  268. sys.exit(2)
  269. schema, table = args.t.split('.', 1)
  270. ds = resolve_datasource(args.ds)
  271. ds_dict = ds.parse()
  272. jdbc_url = ds_dict[DS_POSTGRE_SQL_JDBC_URL]
  273. user = ds_dict['username']
  274. password = ds_dict['password']
  275. host, port, database = parse_jdbc_url(jdbc_url)
  276. import pg8000.dbapi
  277. conn = pg8000.dbapi.connect(
  278. host=host, port=port, database=database,
  279. user=user, password=password,
  280. )
  281. try:
  282. full_rows = query_columns_full(conn, schema, table)
  283. if not full_rows:
  284. raise ValueError('表不存在或无字段: {}.{}'.format(schema, table))
  285. probe_stats = probe_table(conn, schema, table, full_rows)
  286. finally:
  287. conn.close()
  288. # full_rows: [(attnum, attname, comment, pg_type, pk_flag), ...]
  289. if args.mask_conf:
  290. mask_path = _resolve_to_project_root(args.mask_conf)
  291. mask_dict = load_mask_conf(mask_path)
  292. else:
  293. mask_dict = {}
  294. # mask 配置含表中不存在字段时 stderr 警告(不阻断)
  295. pg_field_set = {r[1] for r in full_rows}
  296. unknown_fields = [f for f in mask_dict if f not in pg_field_set]
  297. if unknown_fields:
  298. print('警告:mask 配置含表中不存在字段(已忽略): ' + ', '.join(unknown_fields),
  299. file=sys.stderr)
  300. trim_set = {f for f, m in mask_dict.items() if m == 'trim'}
  301. non_trim_mask = {f: m for f, m in mask_dict.items() if m != 'trim'}
  302. # 已剔除 trim 字段的 column 列表,保持 PG 原顺序(attnum 升序)
  303. columns = [(r[1], r[2] or '') for r in full_rows if r[1] not in trim_set]
  304. pk_names = [r[1] for r in full_rows if r[4] == 'PK']
  305. pk = pk_names[0] if len(pk_names) == 1 and pk_names[0] not in trim_set else ''
  306. probe_md = render_probe_md(probe_stats)
  307. schema_md = render_schema_md(full_rows, mask_dict)
  308. md_content = probe_md + '\n### 字段\n\n' + schema_md
  309. ini_content = render_template(args.ds, database, schema, table, columns, pk, non_trim_mask)
  310. # stdout 始终打印(先 md 表后 ini 模板),传 -o 时再额外落盘
  311. sys.stdout.write(md_content)
  312. sys.stdout.write('\n')
  313. sys.stdout.write(ini_content)
  314. if args.o is not None:
  315. os.makedirs(args.o, exist_ok=True)
  316. md_path = os.path.join(args.o, table + '.md')
  317. ini_path = os.path.join(args.o, table + '.ini')
  318. with open(md_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
  319. f.write(md_content)
  320. with open(ini_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
  321. f.write(ini_content)
  322. print('已写入: ' + md_path, file=sys.stderr)
  323. print('已写入: ' + ini_path, file=sys.stderr)
  324. if __name__ == '__main__':
  325. main()